Electrical apparatus.



No. 687,68l. Patented Nov. 26, IQUI.

m. GALLY.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

(Application filed Sept. 9, 1901.)

(No In odel.)

Fig. 2

a ts es.- fi

PATENT FFICE.

MERRITT GALLY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS.

SPEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 687,681, dated November26, 1901. Application filed September 9, 190.1. $erial No. 74,810. (Nomodel.)

- York, have invented new and useful Improvements in ElectricalApparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to devices for producing secondary electricalcurrents through the medium of an induction-coil and to the ap-.

plication of such devices to electrical apparatus.

The invention consists, first, in the use of an undivided or unbrokenprimary circuit withbattery, with constant and unreversed current, thecircuit having therein a section of lower conductivity thanthe remainderof the circuit, the circuit-section having a conductor of higherconductivity applied thereto, and means for changing the relativeeffect'of the high conductor on the circuit-section for producing aninduced electrical current in the secondary circuit of aninduction-coil.

The invention consists, second, in the application of theabove-mentioned devices to a telephonic microphone or transmitter.

Figure l of the drawings represents a telephonic mainline in which are areceiver and an induction-coil, a primary circuit, and battery, in whichprimary circuit is a telephonic transmitter. Fig; 2 shows the face ofthe transmitter enlarged with operating circuitsection crossing it. Fig.3 is a transverse sectional view of the transmitter, showing all theoperating parts; and Fig. 4 is a face view of the transmitter withcircuit-section crossing it and the operating-conductor applied thereto.It is generally understood that to produce an induced electrical currentin the secondary circuit from an induction-coil a primary circuit withbattery or electrical generator must be used with an alternating currentor withan uureversed current in a divided circuit, the terminals orelectrodes at the circuit-division being caused to successively make andbreak connection or being in constant touch to make greater or lesserpressure one against the other. The latter meth- 0d is that which issuccessfully used in connectioh with telephonic transmitters.

In my experiments in the production of in duced electric currents I havediscovered that none of the methods above spoken of are necessary, butthat an undivided primary circuit may be used without alternating orreversed currents and that no division of circuit or terminals isnecessary.

In the unbroken primary circuit C, Figs. 1 and 2, passing throughconnecting-wires e e, I place a circuit-section E, which is made ofmaterial of less conductivity than the remainder of the circuit, and haspassing through it a constant undiminished flow of electricity. Againstthis circuit-section, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, I place a piece ofmaterial F of higher conductivity than the circuit-section. It is shownsomewhat shorter than the circuit-section E. It may be longer than thecircuit-section and be as fully operative. This conducting-piece can beof any convenient shape or a simple bar or plate lying along the face ofthe circuit-section, as shown in the drawings. When the circuit-sectionand operating-conductor lie quietly together, there is a combinedconductivity to accommodate the flow of current from the battery throughthe circuit. When the circuit-section or the operating-conductor, eitheror both, have any movement so that their faces slide in the least oneupon the other, a change is made in the conductivity of the circuit anda corresponding current is produced in the secondary of theinduction-coil. They may be caused to strike together and acorresponding secondary current produced; but this is not necessary, asno differences of pressure are required. In fact a simple sliding motiongives the best results.

In Fig. 3 of the drawings the sides of the circuit-section E and theoperatingconductor F, which lie together, are shown as flattened tosecure the preferable slide. In the figures of the drawings thecircuit-section is shown as connected to the frame G of a telephonictransmitter. Upon the diaphragm D are two small supports d, upon whichthe operating-conductor rests to prevent it from damping the vibrationsof the diaphragm and through which the motions of the diaphragm areconveyed to the operating-conductor. This construction shows theapplication of the invention to a telephonic transmitter. For simplyproducing a secondary current in the induction-coil any convenientmechanism can be used for giving necessary motions to theoperating-conductor or to the circuit-section.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. An electricalinduction-coilhavingacontinuous undivided'or unbrokenprimary circuit with battery, passing a constant, unbroken andunreversed current; the circuit having therein a section constructed ofrigid material or held rigidly and of lower conductivity than theremainder of the circuit, and means applied to said circuit-section forproducing an electric current in the secondary circuit of theinduction-coil.

2. In a continuous undivided or unbroken primarycircuit of an electricalinduction-coil, a circuit-section constructed of rigid material or heldrigidly and of lower conductivity than the remainder of the circuit, andthe operating-conductor, substantially as described, applied to saidcircuit-section, for producing an electric current in the secondarycircuit of the induction-coil.

3. A continuous undivided or unbroken primary circuit of an electricalinduction-coil, the circuit having a battery therein, producing aconstant unreversible current; a section of said circuit constructed ofrigid material 1 or held rigidly, of lower conductivity than theremainder of the circuit; and an operatingconductor substantially asdescribed, applied to said circuit-section; and a telephonic diaphragmfor producing undulating movements of the operating-conductor or thecircuit-section, either or both, to produce a corresponding undulatingelectric current in the secondary circuit of the induction-coil.

4. In a telephonic transmitter or microphone, an electric conductor oflow conductivity crossing the diaphragm, and adapted to be connectedwith an electric circuit as a section thereof; a conductor of highconductivity applied to and lying along the low conductor; and avibrating diaphragm for receiving vibrations of speech, and transmittingthem to one of said conductors.

5. A telephonic transmitter, or microphone, having an electric conductorcrossing the vibrating diaphragm in proximity with but not attachedthereto, the conductor constructed and arranged to be connected with thetwo terminals of an electric circuit, and to receive a second detachedconductor against its face.

MERRITT GALLY.

Witnesses:

G. POTTER, Louis SCHEUER.

